Transmitter for wireless telegraphy.



C.SCHOU.

TRANSMITTERFOR WIRELESSIELEGRAPHY. APPUCATION FILED JAN. 12. 1914.

www, Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

33 AWMM H27,

c. SCH-0U.

TRANSMITTER FOR WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY.

I APPLICATION HLED'JAN- 12. I914.

1,15%,809. Patented 001:. 26, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- C. SCHOU.

TRANSMHTER FOR WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12, 1914.

www. Patented Oct. 26, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- CARL SCI-IOU, OF HOLTE, DENMARK.

TmusMITTEn roa wranncsss TELEGRAPHY. v

I Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filedl'anuary 12, 1914. Serial No. 811,726.

To all whom it may concern:

]Be it known that L'CARL SCHOU, a subject of the King of Denmark,residing at Holte, Denmark, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Transmitters for Wireless Telegraphy, of which thefollowing is a'full, clear, and exact description.

Apparatus for very rapidly establishing interrupting or reversing weaktelegraphic currents in accordance with the telegraph signals are knownin connection with wire telegraphy and the present invention hasreferenceto the use of such apparatus for interrupting andestablishingweak currents with a view to producing the'necessary variations in thefar stronger currents used for radio telegraphy. For 'this purpose.relays "are used in which a spring actuated armature is kept in directcontact with the cores of electromagnets and retained against the actionof. a spring by residual magnetism, which magnetism is neutralized by aweak current having a direction opposite to that of the stronger currentwhich has caused the attraction of the armature and produced theresidual magnetism. The closing of the secondary circuit is effected bythe armature being pulled away from the magnets under,

the influence of the spring, and as the spring acting upon the armaturecan be made rather-heavy, a fair pressure is secured be tween thecontact making parts in question.

Relays ofthis kind are especially suited for the purpose setforthbecause at a certain speed of telegrap'liy currentimpulses of a certainshortdura'tion'are produced, and by distributing the work oni aplurality of re-" lays sufficient timef'can be provided for en} abli'ngthe movable parts of each single relay to perform their movements, whichmove- I mentsneed not be accomplishedloy the time when the currentimpulse releasing the relay has ceased.- It is hereby possible toprovide a transmitter capable'of Working at a very great speed. 7

In theannexed drawing Figures 1 4 show by way of example diflerentdiagrammatic arrangements inaccordance with the present finvention-Figlfi is'a view showing the'consnection .between'the Wheatstone'transmitter the rest of tjhe apparatus.

designates? the contact device" the magnetizing current is cut off. Thecontacts 0 d e and far: opened when the arma tures are attracted, but assoon as a weak relay in opposite direction to that of the current whichhas effected the magnetizing, the armature is drawn ofi" by one of thesprings g and the contact in question is closed- Patented Uct. 26, 1915.

'65 current impulse is sent through the coils of a Thirteen commutatordisks or slip rings 72., i, j, is, m, n, 0, p, q, r, s, tand u arearranged on a shaft geared to the crank shaft of the Wheatstonetransmitter in such a manner that it describes half the number ofrevolutions. of the latter. Springs or brushes are applied against thesedisks or slip rings as shown diagrammatically in the accompanyingdrawing By means of wires led along theshaft and participating in therotation, the conducting segments 1, 2, 3 and 4 .on the disk harerespectively connectedwith the four slip rings 6, 7n, n' and 7) in themanner indicated in dotted lines, and these slip rings are in turnrespectively connected with segments on the disks j, m, o and q asshown. The commutator disk It serves for distributing the work over thefour relays; By means of the gearingbe ti iveen the shaft carrying thecommutator and the VVheatstone transmitter provision is made that thecontact a closes for a period "corresponding to the length'of a dot,when the-contact spring of the commutator disk It has just ,come incontact with a conducting segment and the current impulse has ceasedbefore the spring has left the same. commutator disks-j, m, 0 and gserve for -.eifecting the attraction of the arlnatures 'of the relaysafter the same. have been released. The commutator disks 1', s, t and uare-constructed so as to stand the-effect of .the establishing andinterrupting of the strong'telegraphic currents, and in the exampleshown the contact. springs of the The p commutatordisks'are .ar'rangdinseries each with one of the contacts 0, (Z, c and f of the relays. Thebattery v serves for releasing the relays, and the battery w for beclearly understood.

a 9 represents the crank shaft, the rocking beam, and 10 is a gear onthe crank shaft meshing with a gear 11 on the shaft 16 carrying thevarious distributing disks,

one of which It only is shown in this figure.v

If it be imagined that all the commutator disks are turned in thedirection of the hands of a watch, and it is desired to transmit a dot,this is effected in the following manner: As soon as the spring 90 hascome into contact with the segment Z for instance the contact a isclosed and the battery 12 sends a current through the electromagnet ofthe relay 6,, the slip ring 2', the segment Z, the spring 00 and thecontact a, whereby the armature is released and closes the contact, 0owing to the action of the spring 9,.

The contact at a must, as already stated, have ceased before the contactspring 00 has left the segment Z. The contact at 0 requires a certainshort time for being closed owing to the inertia of the parts and doesnot need to be closed when the spring 00 leaves the segment I but onlybefore the segment on the disk r established the connection between thecorresponding slip springs. As soon as this occurs, the circuitinfluencing the radio telegraphic transmitting system is closed throughthe wire y, the contact springs, the contact a and the wire 2. Thelength of the period during which the circuit is closed depends upon thelength of the segment on the disk 1', and is about one fourth of thetime required by the shaft for performing one revolution. 'lVhen thesegment on the disk T-llilS passed the contact springs. and therebyinterrupted the currents, the current tfecting the attraction of thearmature'of the relay b is established so thatthe contact is interruptedat 0.

The magnetizing current in question is established, the segment onthedisk j passing its contact springs. Y The current .then passes fromthe battery w through the commutator disk 7', the slip ring 2', the coilof the magnetand back tothe battery 'w.

If the contact at. a is permanently established it is seen that all therelays will get into activity consecutively, and an electric connectionwill permanently be established between the wires 11 and 2. If the paperslip -u are arranged in series and each per 80 connected in parallelwith the contacts 0, d, e and f. In this arrangement the commutatordisks 1', s, t and u must be conducting over about three fourths oftheir circumferences, and the moments for closing or interrupting of thecontacts 0, (Z,-e and f must fall within the periods during which thecontact springs are short circuited by the commutator disks u, v, s andt. In this manner sparking at the contacts 0, d, e, and f isalsoavoided.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 3 corresponds in all essentials to thatshown in Fig. 1. The only difference is that instead of the fourcommutator disks 1', s t and u, only two such disks are used, viz: thedisks 5 and 6, the former of which plays the part of the disks r and 26,while the latter replaces the disks 8 and u. The commutator disks 5 and6 are, as shown, geared to the shaft of the other commutator disks, sothat the disks 5 and 6 make the double of the number of revolutions madeby the disks in Fig. 1-. This arrangement entails a reduction in numberof the large commutator disks, but at the same times gives rise tothe'drawback that the relays get a somewhat shorter time for performingtheir functions.

The arrangement shown in Fig. l is identical with that shown in Fig. 3,with the exceptionthat instead of the two commutator disks 5 and 6 twocondensers 7 and 8 are used, which are constructed in such a manner thatone of their armat-ures is stationary, while the other one issector-shaped and rotates, being mounted on the shaft" geared to thatcarrying the commutator disks. The contacts of the relays are opened andshut when the capacity of the condenser in question is practically equalto naught. Hereby sparking at the contacts of the relays is alsoavoided. As in the above case thewires 3 and .2 are also here connectedwith one of the circuits of the transmitting system, and thealteration'which the capacity of a condenser undergoes by the sectorswinging past the stationary armature will, if one of the correspondingcontacts be closed, effect an alteration of the length of energy of thewaves transmitted.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim asnew and desire tosecure by Letters Patent:

In an apparatus for transmission of telegraphicsignals a plurality ofrelays each having a spring actuated armature adapted to be retained byresidual magnetism and to signal currents from the said transmitter 10be released by relatively weak currents, a over the'said relays.

source of electricity, a number of contact In witness whereof, I havesubscribed my milking elimelnts adapted to c %nn1ect the said signature,in the presence of two witnesses.

re ays Wit t e said source 0 e ectricity, a

transmitter mechanically connected to the CARL SCHOU' said contactmaking elements, and a distrib- Witnesses: uting device mechanicallyconnected to the VIGGO BLOM, said transmitter and adapted to distributeCECIL V. .Sonou:

